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OBJECTIVE:Analyze drug use of pediatrics in China,and to provide reference for promoting research,develop-ment and supply of pediatric drugs. METHODS:Analyze the data of drug use in 2 632 514 pediatric patients aged from 0 to 14 of 78 sample hospitals from Beijing,Shanghai,Tianjin,Hangzhou,Zhengzhou,Guangzhou and Chengdu in“The Hospital Prescriptions Cooperation Project”of Hospital Pharmacy Professional Committee of Chinese Pharmaceutical Association,statistical analysis was performed by using Excel and Access software. RESULTS:Pediatric patients in 78 sample hospitals of 7 regions had used 1 572 kinds of drugs from 2013 to 2014,but only 31.04%of drugs were pediatric drugs;both the ratio of pediatric drug types and the ra-tio of pediatric drugs use frequency had a great gap in different drug classifications. The ratio of drug use frequency in injection ad-ministration was 57.97%,and it was greatly higher than that of oral administration(31.04%). Among oral solid preparations,the ratio of drug use frequency for drugs with unreasonable specification was 29.57%,and ratio of drug types was 40.99%. CONCLU-SIONS:The pediatric patients had a great drug shortage in kinds,dosage forms and specifications in 78 sample hospitals of 7 re-gions during 2013-2014. Off-label drug use,high frequence of injection use,tablets used after breaking and other irrational phenom-ena were found in pediatric patients during clinical drug therapy,which reduced high risk of drug use. It is recommended that gov-ernment should strengthen and improve incentives mechanism of research,development and supply of pediatric drugs,so as to solve pediatric drug shortage in China,promote rational clinical drug therapy for children and guarantee the safety of drug use in pe-diatrics.
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OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the promotion of rational use of essential medicines and further implementa-tion of essential medicines system. METHODS:Depended on the data (including the number of species,the amount of prescrip-tion and prescription departments,etc)of essential medicines(chemical drugs and biological drugs)use in outpatient and emergen-cy departments and wards of 20 sample medical and health institutions fromThe Hospital Prescriptions Cooperation Project,statis-tical analysis was performed by using Excel and Access software. RESULTS:The proportion of the amount of essential medicines included in National Essential Medicines List(2012 edition)or Beijing Essential Medicines(Supplementary list)(2012 edition)to the amount of total medicines(hereinafter referred to as the essential medicines use ratio)in medical and health institutions of Bei-jing from 2013 to the first half year of 2014 was small and showed a slight downward trend. The essential medicines use ratio of grade 2 and grade 3 general hospitals did not reached the required ratio by former Health Department. The essential medicines use ratio in different departments showed great differences,the essential medicines use ratio in imaging department was 100%,while chemotherapy departnent was 4.04%. The essential medicines use ratio in different medicines also showed great differences,5 kinds of drugs(including sulfani lamides)was 100%,while there were 16 kinds of drugs that was less than 0.1%. CONCLUSIONS:The essential medicines use ratio is relatively low in medical and health institutions of Beijing from 2013 to the first half year of 2014 and shows great differences in different departments and different medicines. It is suggested to further improve the essential medi-cines use ratio to better benefit the majority of patients by changing the prescribing habits of physicians,strengthening the advocacy of essential medicines policy and optimizing the use of essential medicines in different departments.
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Objective To explore the influence of psychosocial factor on post partum depression,to offer the theoretical support for intervention on the occurrence of post partum depression. Methods 45 women with the post partum depression as the case group and 84 health women as the control were investigated by using the gravida general situation questionnaire,the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS),life event scale (LES),Type A Behavior pattern questionnaire (TABQ),Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ),Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS),symptom check list-90 (SCL-90),Trait Anxiety Inventory (T-AI) and State Anxiety Inventory (S-AI). Results The education time of the case group was fewer than those of the control(9.8?3.0 vs 11.6?3.5 yrs,P